Incubator.



PATENTED AUG. 7 1906.

. G. H. BOYD.

INGUBATOR.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 31. 1905.

2 sums-sum 1.

Elnocnlfoz messes (MM-EA PATENTED AUG. 7, 190's. 'G.H.BOYD. INGUBATOR.

APPLIQATION FILED 00131, 1905.

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giwevifoz I UNITED STATES PATENT" OFFICE.

INCUBATOR- Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedAug. '7, 1906.

Application filed October 31,1905. Serial No. 285,296.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, GEORGE H. BOYD, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Incubators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates, preferably, tolampheated incubators; 'and it consists in certain novel combinations of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

The leadii'lg object of the present invention is to freely discharge the foul air charged with carbon dioxid from the egg-chamber in such away as to reduce to an desired extent the draft through the egg-c amber and at the same time to utilize the tendency of the heated air to escape at the top of the chamber and also to provide for keeping the egg-chainber supplied with heated fresh air.

Another object of the invention is to wholly dispense with regulating-slides and the like,

so that there shall be at all times an abundant uniform supply of fresh air within the egg-chamber and a free escape of foul air therefrom.

Another object is to equalize the distribution of heat within the incubator, so that the temperature of the egg-chamber shall be uniform throughout.

Another object of the invention is to simplify the construction of the incubator to the utmost and at the same time to adapt the same for use in any convenient room.

Figure 1 represents a side view, partly in sectlon. Fig. 2 represents a substantially vertical section on the line A B, Fig. 1. Fig.

3 represents'a horizontal section onthe line C D, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 represents a vertical section on theline E F, Fig. 3.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in all the figures.

In the improved incubator a rectangular egg-chamber a is provided with a double glass door a at one side,. and its other five sides 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are of sheet metal and surrounded by an outer casing 11 and by a hot-air space 0 between the egg-chamber and said casing.

A vertical open-ended flue d is located outside of the casing b and connected with the air-space c by a horizontal tube e, opening into said flue at a point above itslower end and beneath a baflie-plate 6, as shown in Fig. 1, and into the bottom of said s ace beneath the egg-chamber, as shown in igs. 2 and 4.

Beneath said flue d a suitable lamp f is supported, as represented in Fig. 1, and the heat from said lamp enters said hot-air space 0, as represented by arrows 1 in Fig. 2., It naturally'riseswithin said air-space and circulates freely around the egg-chamber, the cooler air within the space descending by gravity into a wellg at the bottom of the casing and escaping therefrom through the open lower end of a vertical pipe h, which discharges above the top of the incubator, as represented by the arrows 2. In this way the heating of the lower part of the eggchamber, as Well as its upper part, is insured, or, in other words provision is made for rendering the heat ofthe eg chamber uniform at all heights, which it has heretoforebeen diflicult to accomplish.

A thermostat i, which for the purposes of this invention may be of any known or improved construction, is located within the egg-chamber a at top and connected by a link 7 with a substantially horizontal lever 8, having a fulcrum 9 upon the top of the incubator and pivotally attached at its long end to a damper 10, by which the top of the flue d is normally closed, as in Fig. 2 and in full lines in Fig. 1. When the heat within the egg-chamber a becomes to the least degree excessive, the thermostat '1', through said connections opens said damper 10, as represented in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the heat from the lamp f is permitted to escape directly up ward, as represented by the arrow 3 in Fig.

1, so as not to enter the air-space c, and thus to more quickly reduce the temperature of the egg-chamber to normal than when the admission of heat to the air-space is permitted to continue, and the escape of air therefrom is regulated.

Fresh air is admitted to the egg-chamber a therethrough, so as to prevent any chilling o the eggs by the admission of fresh air.

The foul air escapes from the top of the e g-cliamber a, as represented by the arrows 6 and 7 in Figs. 2 and 3, preferably at its mtially ing and remote from the heat-flue d, as shown in F' 1, 3, and 4, so as .to be main- 7 tained at t e temperature of the room in which the incubator is located, and thus adapted to reduce the escaping foul air to substantially the same temperature as the air of such room in its passage therethro h and to prevent excessive draft within t e throug egg-chamber. The foul air carries off with it the carbon dioxid thrown ofiby the eggs, and the'atmosphere of the egg-chamber a is thus jkept pure. A baflie-plate 11, forming an open-ended space atthe inner end of the foul-air tube k, assists to prevent a direct draft toward said inner end,-and thus insures a more perfect circulation of air within the egg chamber a. The air-inlet tube 7' and the foul-air tube is are referabl of one and the same diameter, and the emp oyment of a lu- -rality of the former thus insures an abun ant supply of oxygen the egg-chamber an a so provides for'theiadmission of the air at the respective ends of the e gtrays or their e uivalent and-its uniform istribution hout thee g-chamber. The body of t e incubator may-be supported at aconvenient height by egs 12 or their equivalent, which may in turn be provided with any suitable lam -support 13. The outer casing b is referab y made with hollow walls, external y of wood and internally of sheet metal, and with asbestos linings 14 within the air-spaces; The external heat-flue d is also preferably provided with an asbestos jacket 15 to economize the heat, and its upper art is preferably contracted by an inner tu e 16, surrounded by an .airspace 17, the latter being closed at top and bottom, while said inner tube 16 is 0 enended and forms the upward extension 0 the interior of the flue.

The operation of thethermostat 'i and its connections is or may be regulated by a sliding weight 18 or in any known orimproved manner. Otherwise no regulation of the incubator is required, and it's adapted .to take care of itself within any ordinary room.

The-egg'supporte 19 within the egg-chamhorizontal plane outside the outer casv her a may be of any known or improved con struction, and other like modifications will sug est themselves to those skilled in the art.

desire to patent "her, and means for the escape of foul air therefrom, the foul-air escape consisting of an open-ended and unobstructed tube of thm metal in direct communication with the i per art of the egg-chamber extended outsl e of t e incubator and exposed to the air within the room in which the incubator is located, Lwhereby the foul air is permitted to escape freely and is reduced in temperature before its esca e from said tube.

2. Tli e combination, in an incubator, of an egg-chamber, means for heating the same, means for admitting fresh air to said eggchamber at. bottom, andmeans for the es cape of the foul air charged with carbon d1- oxid from the up er part of the egg-chamber, the foul-air out at consisting of an openaving thus described sai'd improvement,

ended and unobstructed tube .of thin metal in direct communication'with the upper art of the egg-chamber at the'inner en an extended outside the incubator in a substantially horizontal direction to a sufiicient ex.-

, tent to reduce the temperature of the .escap;

foul air before its escape from said tuz and thus to revent excessive draft within the e -cham er;

3; he combination, in an incubator, of a non-conducting outer casing, egg-chamber walls of sheet metal within said outer casing, a hot-air s ace being formed-between said sheet-metal walls and said outer casing, a suitable egg-chamber door, a vertical heatflue external to said outer casing, a horizon tal tube connect' said heat-flue with said hot-air space, a we I inthe outer casing, and an outlet-p'pe extending upwardly from within said wellthro h the top of the incubator, substantially-as ereinbe ore specified. GEO. BOYD.

Witnesses:

JAS. L. Ewm, A. M. SPOFFORD. 

